Journal: ImmunoTargets and Therapy

Article Title: UVB Upregulates Inflammatory Cytokines in Rosacea Cell Model by Promoting the Expression of TRPVs and TLR2

doi: 10.2147/ITT.S571037

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of UVB irradiation on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in the rosacea keratinocyte model. ( A ) The proliferation activity of HaCaT cells at 0 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM, 6 μM, and 8 μM LL-37 was detected by the CCK-8 method (n = 6). ( B ) The microscopic morphology of HaCaT cells at 0 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM, 6 μM, and 8 μM LL-37 under a 40× microscope. ( C ) The secretion levels of inflammatory factors in HaCaT cells stimulated by 0 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM, 6 μM, and 8 μM LL-37 were detected by ELISA (n = 6, *P < 0.05, *P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001). ( D ) The secretion levels of rosacea-related inflammatory factors in HaCaT cells after induction by 8 μM LL-37 and/or 25 mJ/cm² UVB were detected by ELISA (n = 3, compared with the control group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; compared with the LL-37 + UVB group, # P < 0.05, ### P < 0.001, #### P < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: The rosacea model of HaCaT cells was induced through treatment with LL-37 (Selleck, China).

Techniques: Irradiation, Activity Assay, CCK-8 Assay, Microscopy, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: ImmunoTargets and Therapy

Article Title: UVB Upregulates Inflammatory Cytokines in Rosacea Cell Model by Promoting the Expression of TRPVs and TLR2

doi: 10.2147/ITT.S571037

Figure Lengend Snippet: The influence of UVB on the mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4 and TLR2 in the rosacea keratinocyte model. ( A ) The expression levels of TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4 and TLR2 mRNA in HaCaT cells and HaCaT cells treated by 8 μM LL-37 after 25 mJ/cm² UVB exposure were detected by qRT-PCR. ( B and C ) The protein expression levels of TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4 and TLR2 in HaCaT cells and HaCaT cells stimulated by 8 μM LL-37 after 25 mJ/cm² UVB irradiation were measured by Western blot. (n = 3, compared with the control group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; compared with the LL-37 + UVB group, ## P < 0.01, #### P < 0.0001.).

Article Snippet: The rosacea model of HaCaT cells was induced through treatment with LL-37 (Selleck, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Irradiation, Western Blot, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: The Alternative Polyadenylation Factor CFIm25 Orchestrates Macrophage Antibacterial Immunity by Amplifying TAB2-Mediated MAPK and NF-κB Signaling During Salmonella Infection

doi: 10.64898/2026.02.26.707986

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Intracellular bacterial burden (CFU) in control (−) and CFIm25-overexpressing (CFIm25-OE, +) THP-1 macrophages at two and six hours postinfection. (B) Propidium iodide flow cytometric analysis of cell death in control and CFIm25-OE macrophages at two and six hours postinfection. Graphs show the percent of cells staining with propidium iodide; only dead cells take up the stain. (C) Quantification of ROS production using the DCFH-DA fluorescence assay. (D) Quantification of NO production using the DAF-FM fluorescence assay. (E) Antimicrobial activity of conditioned media from control and CFIm25-OE macrophages against STM, assessed by CFU recovery after incubation of bacteria with media. (F) Western blot analysis of CFIm25 and LL-37 protein levels in control and CFIm25-OE macrophages at two and six hours postinfection, (G) Quantitation of LL-37 levels by densitometry measurements and normalized to GAPDH. (H) Arginase activity measured by urea production in control and CFIm25-OE macrophages at two and six hours postinfection. (I) Lactate levels in control and CFIm25-OE macrophages at two and six hours postinfection were measured using a colorimetric lactate assay kit. (J) Flow cytometric analysis of M1 (CD80) and M2 (CD206) surface marker expression in control and CFIm25-OE macrophages at two and six hours postinfection. (K) Concentrations of the TNF-α, IL-12, TGF-β, and IL-10 cytokines in culture supernatants from control and CFIm25-OE macrophages at two h and six hours postinfection as measured by ELISA. Data are presented as means ± SD from three independent experiments (n = 3); *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Antibodies used in this study included CFIm25 (Proteintech, 10322-1-AP), LL-37 (Santa Cruz, sc-166770), phosphorylated NF-κB P65 (Ser536) (Cell Signaling, 3033), NF-κB P65 (Cell Signaling, 8242), TAB2 (Cell Signaling, 3744), TBL1XR1 (Novus, NBP1-86996), phosphorylated STAT1 (Tyr701) (Cell Signaling, 9167), STAT1 (Cell Signaling, 14994), phosphorylated STAT3(Tyr705) (Cell Signaling, 9145), STAT3 (Cell Signaling, 4904), IκBα (Cell Signaling, 4814), phosphorylated P38(Thr180/Tyr182) (Cell Signaling, 4511), P38 (Cell Signaling, 9212), CD163 (Proteintech 68218-1-g), histone H3 (Cell Signaling, 9715), and GAPDH (Santa Cruz SC3233).

Techniques: Control, Staining, Fluorescence, Activity Assay, Incubation, Bacteria, Western Blot, Quantitation Assay, Lactate Assay, Marker, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay